Banana: GI, GL, Carbs & Blood Sugar Impact

Glycemic index of banana (51), glycemic load, carbs per medium banana, ripeness effects, and whether people with diabetes can eat bananas.

Category: Fruits · Nutrition data source: USDA FoodData Central · GI source: International Tables of GI & GL Values / University of Sydney · Last verified:
51 Glycemic Index Low
12.2 Estimated GL 1 medium banana (118 g)
26.9 g Carbohydrate per 1 medium banana (118 g)
3.1 g Fiber per 1 medium banana (118 g)

Does Banana Raise Blood Sugar?

Yes — like any carbohydrate food — but how much depends on size and ripeness. A medium ripe banana carries about 27 g of carbohydrate and a GI of about 51. An under-ripe banana tests considerably lower, while a very ripe one tests higher.

How to Eat It

Choose a small or slightly green banana, and pair it with protein or nuts (Greek yogurt, peanut butter) to flatten the curve. Half a banana is a very manageable portion for many people.

Nutrition Facts (Banana)

NutrientPer 100 gPer serving
Calories89 kcal105 kcal
Carbohydrate22.8 g26.9 g
Fiber2.6 g3.1 g
Sugars12.2 g14.4 g
Protein1.1 g1.3 g
Fat0.3 g0.4 g

Source: USDA FoodData Central (generic food item, per 100 g edible portion). Values may differ from brand-specific products.

Glycemic Index

Published GI: 51 (typical value).
Reported range: 30-62.
Evidence level: Moderate.
Note: Ripeness matters: an under-ripe banana tests much lower than an over-ripe one.

Sources: International Tables of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values (2008/2021); University of Sydney GI Database (glycemicindex.com). GI values are reported relative to a glucose reference.

Learn more: What is GI? · What is GL? · GI vs GL

Estimated Glycemic Load

GL ≈ 12.2 per 1 medium banana (118 g).

Calculation: GI (51) × available carbohydrate per serving (23.8 g = 22.8 g − 2.6 g fiber) ÷ 100. Calculated by DMSafeHaven; formula per standard published GL methodology.

Diabetes consideration: Bananas can fit a diabetes-friendly eating pattern. Choosing a smaller or less ripe banana lowers the carbohydrate and glycemic impact.
What can change the impact?
  • Ripeness
  • Size / portion
  • Pairing with protein or nuts
  • Fresh vs. dried

GI values can vary with variety, ripeness, preparation and testing conditions. The value above is a typical published figure, not a universal prediction for every individual or every serving.

DMSafeHaven provides educational information based on publicly available nutrition databases and published research. It is not a substitute for individualized medical advice. Nutrition values: USDA FoodData Central (CC0). GI values: published tables (see methodology). GI/GL estimates do not predict any individual's glucose response — test your own blood glucose with your care team's guidance.